Jay Sanjay Trivedi
Department of Textile Manufactures
Government Polytechnic, Nagpur, Maharashtra State, India
Nonwovens:
Non –woven fabric are the fibrous sheet or web structure
produced by bonding or interlocking fibers by mechanical , thermal or chemical
means.
Natural and Synthetic fibers which are used for
manufacturing nonwovens are elaborated along with their properties and applications
in the following article.
-Natural
Fibers
1-Cotton
Properties:
- Length- 5mm to 38 mm
- Tenacity- 3-5 gpd
- Cross Section- Bean type / Kidney Shaped
- Density-1.54 gm/cc
- Color- White/ Creamy White
- Moisture Regain- 8-8.5%
Advantages:
- Good Absorbency
- High Wet Strength
- Ease of availability
Limitations:
- Linting
- Trash content
- Additional Bleaching process for Medical Application
2-Wool
Properties:
- Length- 38 to 152 mm
- Tenacity- 1 to 1.7 (Dry) and 0.8 to 1.6 (Wet)
- Cross Section- Oval shape
- Density-1.32 gm/cc
- Color- White, Brown, Black
- Moisture Regain- 16 to 18%
Advantages:
- Good Fire Retardant Properties
- Thermal Insulation Properties
3-Jute
Properties:
- Length- 150 to 300 cm
- Tenacity- 3 to 5 gpd
- Density-1.47 gm/cc
- Color- Brown
- Moisture Regain- 12.5%
Advantages:
- Low Cost
- Ease of Availability
- Strong and rigid
- Biodegradable
-Man Made
Fibers
1-Polypropylene:
Properties:
- Length- Continuous/ 6 to 48 mm
- Tenacity- 4.5 to 6gpd
- Density-0.9 gm/cc
- Melting point- 160 to 170 degree celsius
Advantages:
- Light Weight
- Inert
- High Wicking Ability
2-Polyester:
Properties:
- Length- Continuous or Staple Length
- Tenacity- 5 to7 gpd
- Density-1.38 gm/cc
- Color- White
- Moisture Regain- 0.40%
Advantages:
- High Strength fiber
- Temperature Stability
- UV Stability
- Inert to water and microbes
3-Nylon 6
Properties:
- Length- Continuous or staple
- Tenacity- 6 to 85 gpd
- Density- 1.14 gm/cc
- Color- White
- Moisture Regain-3.5 to 5%
Advantages:
- - Good strength
- - Temperature Stability
- -Abrasion Resistant
- -Good Extensibility
List of
other Fibers Used in Non woven are:
- -PVA
- PLA
- Glass
- Super Absorbent
- Bi component Fibers
- Wood log fibers
Applications
of fibers in Non woven:
Non woven has tremendous applications in various sectors
some of them are as follows:
- Geo textiles
- Filtration
- Automobiles
- Medical Textiles
- Carpets
- Interlinings
- Incontinence products
- Packaging
- Wipes
- Agriculture Textiles
- Acoustics
7 Comments
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