Textile Fibers used in Non woven and their Applications



Textile Fibers used in Non woven and their Applications

Jay Sanjay Trivedi
Department of Textile Manufactures
Government Polytechnic, Nagpur, Maharashtra State, India
Nonwovens:
Non –woven fabric are the fibrous sheet or web structure produced by bonding or interlocking fibers by mechanical , thermal or chemical means.
Natural and Synthetic fibers which are used for manufacturing nonwovens are elaborated along with their properties and applications in the following article.

-Natural Fibers

1-Cotton

Properties:
  •         Length- 5mm to 38 mm
  •         Tenacity- 3-5 gpd
  •         Cross Section- Bean type / Kidney Shaped
  •         Density-1.54 gm/cc
  •         Color- White/ Creamy White
  •         Moisture Regain- 8-8.5%


Advantages:
  •         Good Absorbency
  •         High Wet Strength
  •         Ease of availability


Limitations:
  •         Linting
  •         Trash content
  •         Additional Bleaching process for Medical Application


2-Wool

Properties:
  •         Length- 38 to 152 mm
  •         Tenacity- 1 to 1.7 (Dry) and 0.8 to 1.6 (Wet)
  •         Cross Section- Oval shape
  •         Density-1.32 gm/cc
  •         Color- White, Brown, Black
  •         Moisture Regain- 16 to 18%


Advantages:
  •         Good Fire Retardant Properties
  •         Thermal Insulation Properties


3-Jute

Properties:
  •         Length- 150 to 300 cm
  •         Tenacity- 3 to 5 gpd
  •         Density-1.47 gm/cc
  •         Color- Brown
  •         Moisture Regain- 12.5%


Advantages:
  •       Low Cost
  •       Ease of Availability
  •       Strong and rigid
  •       Biodegradable


-Man Made Fibers

1-Polypropylene:

Properties:
  •         Length- Continuous/ 6 to 48 mm
  •         Tenacity- 4.5 to 6gpd
  •         Density-0.9 gm/cc
  •         Melting point- 160 to 170 degree celsius


Advantages:
  •         Light Weight
  •         Inert
  •         High Wicking Ability 


2-Polyester:

Properties:
  •  Length- Continuous or Staple Length
  •  Tenacity- 5 to7 gpd
  •   Density-1.38 gm/cc
  •   Color- White
  •   Moisture Regain- 0.40%


      Advantages:
  •        High Strength fiber
  •        Temperature Stability
  •        UV Stability
  •        Inert to water and microbes


3-Nylon 6

Properties:
  •          Length- Continuous or staple
  •         Tenacity- 6 to 85 gpd
  •         Density- 1.14 gm/cc
  •         Color-  White
  •         Moisture Regain-3.5 to 5%


  Advantages:
  •      -  Good strength
  •     - Temperature Stability
  •       -Abrasion Resistant
  •       -Good Extensibility


List of other Fibers Used in Non woven are:
  •      -PVA
  •       PLA
  •       Glass
  •       Super Absorbent
  •       Bi component Fibers
  •       Wood log fibers




Applications of fibers in Non woven:

Non woven has tremendous applications in various sectors some of them are as follows:
  •       Geo textiles
  •       Filtration
  •       Automobiles
  •       Medical Textiles
  •       Carpets
  •       Interlinings
  •       Incontinence products
  •       Packaging
  •       Wipes
  •       Agriculture Textiles
  •       Acoustics












Post a Comment

7 Comments

  1. Amazing informative..!!

    ReplyDelete
  2. Very well explained.

    ReplyDelete
  3. Couldn't find such well explained article on this topic...Thank you Texsphere

    ReplyDelete
  4. Liked how everything is explained to the point. No unnecessary information.

    ReplyDelete
  5. This came at the right time. Needed it, Well explained.

    ReplyDelete