Study of conductive properties of Aluminum foil/Stainless steel with Jute Composite (EMI Shielding)

Mr. Nikhil Kashid, Ms. Pranjali Sondankar, Mr.Rohit Nikam

JDIET, Yavatmal, Maharashtra

ABSTRACT:

The composite assembling has been a wide zone of research and it is the favored decision because of its prevalent properties like low thickness, solidness, lightweight and has better conductive and mechanical properties. This has discovered its wide applications in the military, sports, and medicals, and donning enterprises. There has been a constant post for blending composites without settling on the mechanical and physical properties. In this examination, fiber fortified composites were set up with jute filaments of fiber length 5-6 mm. The tars utilized in this investigation are stainless steel and aluminum foil.

The readied composites were tried to think about the conductive and mechanical properties of the composite, for example-electromagnetic interference. The outcomes demonstrate that the jute fortified epoxy composite showed preferred conductive and mechanical properties over jute composite.

Keywords: Composite, Conductive materials, Electromagnetic interference, etc. 

INTRODUCTION:

• When the life of human starts on the earth, shelter, and food were the two most important requirement of humans, but after that comes clothing. From start to end 0f human life we all require the clothing.
• So therefore textile industries play the most important role, in which there are different types of clothing are produced, which are woven, nonwoven, knitting, breaded, tufted, and also composite nonwoven After the agricultural field, the textile field provides direct as well as indirect employment to most of the peoples.
• On the nonwoven side, various types of development like fabric, composites, etc. are made. the composite materials which are used as the conductive material.
• Now in modern-day, the world grows wider, so because of that, some developments are created in the electronic and electrical fields. So the use of this electronic and electrical instruments are widely increased in all the fields like engineering and technological fields.so uses of electronic devices are increased because of that electromagnetic interferences of these instruments and devices increased.
• EMI (electromagnetic interference) which hazards to all the human being and other living substances so to overcome this EMI demand of EMI SHEILDING increases.
• Now in Emi shielding, various conductive materials used which are in the form of metal, aluminum like materials. The cost of this conductive material is higher and also some negative attributes, which is also effects on other characteristics of material.
• Because of some negative attributes, we can develop the composite material using the combination of textile fiber (jute) and aluminum foil and stainless steel material and then check the EMI SHEILDING of this composite. This composite also have high mechanical properties with a low weight which is makes them ideal material for automobile, aerospace and also in building construction applications.

MATERIAL AND METHOD:

Jute fiber:

Jute fiber a very long, smooth, softer, and also shiny fiber, which diameter is 17 to 24 microns and also the length of 1 to 4 meters. It comes into the bast fiber category. Jute fiber composed of two main components in which, the first is cellulose and the second is lignin. For the production of this fiber biological and chemical retting processes used.

Stainless steel fiber: 

Stainless steel fibers manufactured from the composition of carbon, silicon, manages, phosphorous, sulfur, and other elements. Properties of stainless steel fiber, which are electrical conductive, thermal resistance, also moisture region is zero percent, ability to protect friction, and the ability to protect heat of these fiber is very good. Because of electrical conductive stainless steel fibers used in carpets, they are spread throughout the carpet with other fibers, so because of that they are not detected. The presence of fibers in the carpet which help to conduct electricity, so there for static shock reduction takes place.

Aluminum foil:

Aluminum foil often refers to as the misnomer tin foil. Aluminum foil manufactured or prepared in different sizes and shapes. The thickness of this minimum from 0.016 mm to more.

Resin:

Epoxy resin is used in the manufacturing composite and is used as adhesive material and also the some types of hardners are used for solidification. With the help of this all above materials, prepare the aluminum/jute and stainless steel/jute material composites.

METHODS AND SAMPLE PREPARATION:

Steps involved in manufacturing/ preparation of sample:

• Cutting of aluminum and steel and jute fiber
• Retting of jute
• Making composite by hand layup method
• Testing of composite
• Testing results

PREPARATION OF SAMPLE:

• First of all, take the bunch of jute fibers of the desired dimension
• With the help of water, wash it and clean and then dry
• Then soak the jute fibers in NaOH solution for 24 hrs
• Removes the no of fibers and keep fibers at room temp for drying
• Cut the steel fibers and aluminum foil as per the required dimension
• Then all fibers are coated with resin uniformly
• Now , the prepared sample is covered by thick plastic sheets
• Then, a covered sample is sandwich between the two iron plates at constant or some weight for minimum 24 hrs
• After that the sample was taken out from the iron plates
• In this way, the sample of aluminum foil/ jute and stainless steel/ jute is ready.
• We make a composite of aluminum fiber/jute fibers and stainless steel/jute fibers makes the samples with a size of that 11*11

WHAT IS MEAN BY EMI SHIELDING ?

EMI SHIELDING is a phenomenon that involves the process of reflection and /or absorption of EM waves by material, that act as a shield in preventing the penetration of the harmful EM radiations into the electronic devices.

RESULTS:

EMI SHIELDING:

We can do the test of two composite samples which are :

• Aluminum foil/ jute
• Stainless steel / jute

We have done the EMI shielding test of these samples of different MHZ, such as 30mhz, 200mhz, 500mhz, 1000mhz.EMI shielding did on the machine this machine name is ASTM- D4335.

Material jute: aluminum

We did EMI shielding on jute: aluminum material from that we found some results on different Hz ( frequency), the effectiveness of EMI shielding at 30 MHz is 21, another at 200MHz effectiveness of shielding is 8, after that increasing frequency 500MHz results are obtain that are 6 means it's less effective, then we go at 1000MHz the results are found that are 20 means it's more effective than before frequencies on that we tried lastly for finding some more results , shielding done at 1500MHz shielding is 7 but there results that we found are very poor, it is very less effective than other frequencies.( All the results are according to the method of ASTM D - 4935 std )

Material jute: steel

Testing results are obtained for the jute: steel material on the different frequencies (MHz). All the results are according to the method of ASTM D -3549 STD. The effectiveness of EMI shielding at 30 MHz is 33, another at 200 MHz the effectiveness of EMI shielding is 17. Then for getting more results testing is done at 500 MHz, 1000MHz, 1500 MHz, and results are 11, 11, 10 shielding effectiveness.

In the composite of jute: steel we observed that the value of frequency increasing gradually so the EMI effectiveness of shielding goes on decreasing. The effectiveness of shielding is depending upon the material permeability. The results showed that the shielding ability of the material of 2 ND material significantly higher than that of the 1st material which probably due to the presence of conductivity. From the results of both the composite materials (jute: steel) and ( jute: aluminum) is we observed that the composite of jute: steel gives more EMI shielding than the composite of jute: aluminum. While increasing the frequency value at some was increasing or decreasing.

CONCLUSION:

We are going to test and compare the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of stainless steel- jute and aluminum foil - jute composites having different fibers and alignment. The results showed that the shielding ability of material of the sample ( jute: steel) is significantly higher than that of jute: alluminium composite.

Metals are excellent conductors of electricity and can absorb, reflect and transmit electromagnetic interference. Hence, composite having metals as well as textile materials showed superior electrical property as an electromagnetic shield. In this project, we have used stainless steel fibers and alluminium foil in combination with jute for the preparation of conductive composite. Stainless steel fibers can provide good shielding properties. Using low weight of stainless steel can results higher degree of electromagnetic shielding is also one of the important factors. And alluminium is nonmagnetic, it is a good conductor, so even a thin sheet reflects almost all of an incident electric wave.

REFERENCE

• journal of textile science and engineering textile as EMI shield University of Lille, northern France, J textile science engineering an open-access journal. Issn 2165-8064.
• protection against electromagnetic radiation with textile material Dinesh Chudasama.
• EMI shielding: method and material –A review article in a journal of applied polymer science-may 2009 S.Geetha K K.Sathesh Kumar.
• Material for electromagnetic interference shielding D D.Chung.
• Hand layup technique Charles Witham Lawrence company Inc Copiague New York Gerald D.Shook consultant incorporation and Co.